hyperfine structure of spectral lines

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• hyperfine structure — /huy peuhr fuyn , huy /, Physics. the splitting of the lines of an atomic spectrum, produced by the angular momentum of the nucleus of the atom. Cf. fine structure. [1925 30; HYPER + FINE1] * * * ▪ physics       in spectroscopy, the splitting of… …   Universalium

• hyperfine structure — /ˌhaɪpəfaɪn ˈstrʌktʃə/ (say .huypuhfuyn strukchuh) noun 1. the occurrence of very closely spaced energy levels in an atom, due to coupling between the momentum of the orbital electrons and the spin of the nucleus. 2. the splitting of certain… …  

• Fine-structure constant — The fine structure constant or Sommerfeld fine structure constant, usually denoted alpha ,, is the fundamental physical constant characterizing the strength of the electromagnetic interaction.It is a dimensionless quantity, and thus its numerical …   Wikipedia

• Fine structure — Interference fringes, showing fine structure (splitting) of a cooled deuterium source, viewed through a Fabry Pérot étalon. In atomic physics, the fine structure describes the splitting of the spectral lines of atoms due to first order… …   Wikipedia

• fine structure — /fuyn/, Physics. a group of lines that are observed in the spectra of certain elements, as hydrogen, and that are caused by various couplings of the azimuthal quantum number and the angular momentum quantum number. Cf. hyperfine structure. [1915… …   Universalium

• Bohr model — In atomic physics, the Bohr model created by Niels Bohr depicts the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus mdash;similar in structure to the solar system, but with… …   Wikipedia

• Hans Kopfermann — (April 26, 1895 in Breckenheim near Wiesbaden ndash; 1963) was a German atomic and nuclear physicist. He devoted his entire career to spectroscopic investigations, and he did pioneering work in measuring nuclear spin. During World War II, he… …   Wikipedia

• Lamb, Willis Eugene, Jr. — ▪ 2009       American physicist born July 12, 1913, Los Angeles, Calif. died May 15, 2008, Tucson, Ariz. was corecipient, with Polykarp Kusch, of the 1955 Nobel Prize for Physics for experimental work that spurred refinements in the quantum… …   Universalium

• spectroscopy — spectroscopist /spek tros keuh pist/, n. /spek tros keuh pee, spek treuh skoh pee/, n. the science that deals with the use of the spectroscope and with spectrum analysis. [1865 70; SPECTRO + SCOPY] * * * Branch of analysis devoted to identifying… …   Universalium

• Electron paramagnetic resonance — (EPR) or electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is a technique for studying chemical species that have one or more unpaired electrons, such as organic and inorganic free radicals or inorganic complexes possessing a transition metal ion. The… …   Wikipedia

• magnetic resonance — Absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation by electrons or atomic nuclei in response to certain magnetic fields. The principles of magnetic resonance are used to study the atomic and nuclear properties of matter; two common laboratory… …   Universalium